The Spanish Senate has approved a bill initiated by the People’s Party (PP) that removes criminal liability for homeowners who disconnect basic utilities—such as water, electricity, or gas—in homes that have been illegally occupied. This legislative move aims to empower property owners to cut off services to so-called “okupas” without the risk of being accused of coercion or facing criminal charges. The bill was introduced following the blockage of a broader “anti-okupas” law in the lower house of Parliament.
Purpose and Background of the Reform
The People’s Party, which holds a majority in the Senate, has pushed this reform in response to a notable increase in complaints related to illegal home occupations. According to PP data, over 16,000 such incidents were reported in 2024, marking a 7.4% rise compared to the previous year.
The new legislation seeks to exclude from criminal prosecution cases where utilities are disconnected in illegally occupied homes. This approach aligns with a precedent set by the Provincial Court of Barcelona in March 2025. The PP is leveraging this ruling as the legal foundation for its amendment and is seeking support in Congress from the pro-independence Catalan party Junts—which has distanced itself from the Sánchez government—as well as from the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV).
Impact on Homeowners and Tenants
Through this reform, the PP aims to shorten the duration that “okupas” can remain in a property or prevent them from establishing residence altogether by cutting off essential utilities. Additionally, the party intends to provide legal clarity to property owners, encouraging them to rent out vacant homes. Under the new rules, if tenants fail to pay rent, landlords will no longer be obligated to continue covering utility bills.